Automatically-operated reed and pipe organ.



No. 697,327. Patented Apr. s, |902.

J. w. cooxs.

AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED REED AND PIPE ORGAN. (Application led Sept. 3, 1901.) (No Model.) u sheets-sheet 1.

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Patented Apr. 8, |902. J. W. CROOKS. AUTOMATICALLYl OPERATED REED AND PIPE RGAN.

(Application filed Sept. 3, 1901.)

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(No Model.)

Lvivenor: m3 @W46 u l l l IIL L mi Nonms PETERS cof, wcmrumo.. WASHINGTON. D. c.

No. 697,327. Patented Apr. 8, i902.

J. W. CBDOKS. AU'IDMAfI'IGALLY OPEBATED REED AND PIPE ORGAN.

l (Application filed Sept. 3, 1901.) (No Model.) Il Sheets-*Sheet.3.

HIHIIHIHIIIIIIIHIIIIIH Il HIIIIIIII IIHIIIIIIIHIHHH Winesses- Patented Apr. 8, |902. J. W. CROKS.

AUTUMATICALLY DPERATED REEDY AND PII-E URGAN.

(Appucacioh filed sept. 3, 1901.

(Nb Model.;

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Y. lll I UI Il [Ill il: 73 7` es 1139.5. TI/Ztnesses: Inventor: fwn? w No. 697,327. Patented Apr. a, |902. J. w. cnooKs.

AUTOMATICALLY O PERATED BEED AND PIPE ORGAN.

` (Application led Sept. 3, V2l 901.) (N o M o d e I II Sheets-Sheet 5.

iinesses Inventor.-

f @mw Arm @f No. 697,327. Patented Apr. 3, |902.

J. W. CROUKS. y

AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED REED AND PIPERGAN.

(Application led Sept. 3, 1901.) (No Model.) Il SheetsSheet 6,

Iig.9.-

1HE Nonms PETERS co, Fumo-nwo.. wAsmNncN. n. c

No. 697,327. Patented Apr. 8, |902.

J. W. CROUKS.

AUTOMATIGALLY G PERATED REED AND PIPE HGAN.

(Application fixed sept. 3.' 1901.) (nu Model.) "sheets-sheet 7.

Lisi

n l n H I u WQ/151.

Wnesses: I lnvenior:

No. 697,327. Patented Apr. a, |902.

J. W. BROOKS.

AU-TOMATICALLY DPERATED REED AND PIPE ORGAN.

(Application med sept. s, 1901.)

m: Nonms persas co. FHoTauThQ, wAsNxNaTuN, n. c.

No. 697,327. Patented Apr. 8,1902.

J. W..CRO0KS.

AUTOMATICALLY OPEBATED REED AND PIPE ORGAN.

(Application led Sept. 3, 1901.)

n Sheng-sheet 9.

Inventor:

TH: Ncums PETERS co4 moro-mwa. WASHINGTON, u c.

No. 697,327. Patented Apr. a, |902.

J. w. cRooKs.

AUTMATICALLY OPERATED REED AND PIP URGAN.

(Application filed Sept. 3. 1901.) (No Model.) Il Sheets-Sheet l0.

TH:- Nonms Pneus co. Puma-nwo., WASHINGTON. n. c.

No. 697,327. Patented Apr. 8, |902. J. W. CHKS.

AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED `REED AND PIPE DRGAN.

(Application led Sept. 3, 1901.) (No Model.) ll Sheets-Sheet Il.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES W. AOROOKS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO WINCI-IESTER VEAZIE, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

AUTOMATICALLY-OPERATED REED AND PIPE ORGAN.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 697,327, dated April 8, 1902. Application filed September 3, 1901. Serial No. 74,217. (N mOdeL) To @ZZ whom t may concern: ing device. Fig 15 is a moditication repre- Beit known that I, JAMES W. CROOKS, a senting in vertical section a pneumatic decitizen of the United States, residing at Bosvice for operating the primary puppet-valve ton, in the county of Suffolk and State of of the pneumatic stop-operating mechanism 55 Massachusetts, have invented certain Imor that ofthe pneumatic mechanism for opprovements in Automatically-Operated Reed erating the valve of the motor-engine. and Pipe Organs, of which the following is a In the said drawings,25 represents the outer Specification. y casing of the instrument, in the lower portion My invention relates to reed and pipe orof which is placed the bellows 26, Fig. 3, by 6o io `gans which are adapted to be automatically means of which air is maintained under presoperated by meansof a perforated musicsure in the Wind-box 27 and from which it sheet. passes through the opening 28 into the wind- My invention has for its object, first, to autrunk 29, in which are arranged a series of tomatically operate the various stops Aof an stop-valves 30, which when opened allow the 6 3 organ by mechanism controlled by the musicair under pressure to enter the long chamsheet, and, secondly, to provide mechanism bers or chests 31, Fig. 1, each containing the controlled by the music-sheet whereby the valves 2O of a set of reeds 2l, said valves bespeed of the motor-engine which operates said ing operatedto sound the notes by pneumatic music-sheet may be automatically regulated mechanism controlled by aperforated music- 7: 2o to vary the time of the music as may be desheet 32, Figs. 1, 2, and 10, which is wound sired. from one roll onto another in the usual man- To these ends my invention consists in the ner and passes over the tracker-board 33, pronovel features and combinations of partsherevided with the usual ducts or passages cominafter fully described, and pointed out in the mnnicating with the primary pneumatics 75 z5 claims. which control the valve-operating mechan- In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 ism, by means of which the reed-Valves are and 2 are horizontal sections of a reed-organ operated in accordance with the perforations constructedin accordance with myinvention, of the music-sheet in a well-known manner. taken on the line l 1 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a ver- The tracker-board 33 together with the mu- 8o 5o tical section ou the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. t sic-sheet 32 and its carrying-rolls are inis an enlarged plan of a portion of the autoclosedwithin an air-tight box or chamber 34, matic stop-operating mechanism, parts being provided in front with a sliding glass door 16, broken awaytoshowthe mechanism beneath. Fig. 2, which affords access to its interior Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the same. when the music-sheet is to be changed, said 85 Fig. G is a plan of the tracker-board, the cenbox 34C being connected by a pipe 23, Fig. 3, tral portion being broken away. Fig. 7 is a with the wind-box 27, whereby it is supplied Vertical section on the line 7 7 of Fig. (5. Fig. with air under pressure, which enters the S is a modification to be referred to. Fig. 9 ducts of the tracker-board when exposed by is a diagrammatic view of the automatic stopthe passage thereover of the ordinary perfo- 9o 4o operating mechanism. Fig. 10 is a plan of rations of the music-sheet. This pneumatic the music-sheet. Fig. 11 is a horizontal secmechanism, however, forms no part of my tional plan on the line 11 11 of Fig. 13 of the Ipresent invention and will not therefore be mechanism for regulating the speed of the hereinafter further described. motor-engine to vary the time of the music. The stop-valves 30 of the several sets of 95 Fig. 12 is a detail of the friction device for reeds 21 are capable of. being operated, as operating the slide-valve of the motor speedusual, by means of lever-and-rod connections, regulator, the parts being in their forward powith draw-stops or pulls 35, as shown in Fig. sitions. Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional eleva- 3, whereby the compressed air may be adtion on the line 13 13 of Fig. 11 looking in mitted to the valve-chambers 31 of the sevroo 53 the direction of the arrow. Fig. 14 is a diaeral sets of reeds 21, so that one set alone or grammatic view of the motor-specd-regnlatseveral seis may be used together in a wellknown manner. l. will now describe the means by which these stop-Valves 30 are operated and controlled automatically by the music-sheet. v

3G 37, Figs. l, 4, and 5, represent two chests forming a portion of the pneumatic stop-operating mechanism controlled by the musicsheet. These chests are supplied with air under pressure from the wind-box 27 by means of a pipe 33, having two branches which are connected with said chests 36 and 37, as shown in Figs. l and 4. In the bottom of the chest 36 are formed three ports or passages 39, leading to the open air, one for each stop-valve 30, and each of these passages 39 communicates through a passage 40 with one of three air-tight chambers 41, in which is placed a bellows-pneumatic 42 for a purpose to be presently described. As the mechan isms for operating the several stop-valves are exactly alike, but one will be described. The port 39 is open to the outer air and is normally closed to the compressed-air chest 36 by the upper disk of a puppet-valve 43, the stem of which rests on a diaphragm-pneumatic 44, beneath which is a chamber 45, communicating througha pipe 46 with a port 47, open to the outer air and also leadinginto the compressed-air chest 37, said port being normally closed to the air-chest 37 by the upper disk of a primary puppet-valve 43. `With in the chest 37 are placed a series of electromagnets 49, one for each puppet-valve 43, the stem ot' which carries at its upper end a metallic disk 24, forming the armature of the magnet. Each magnet is arranged in an independent electric circuit, the conducting-wires 50 5l of which are respectively con nected with two contact-springs 52 53, insulated in and projecting from the inner surface of a hinged plate 54, Figs. 6 and 7, located at one end of the tracker-board 33, said plate being adapted to be turned over on its -hinge,by means to be hereinafter described,

toward the edge of the music-sheet 32, so that the said contact-springs will bear on its surface as it passes over the tracker-board, the music-sheet being provided on its surface near the edge with metallic spots or portions 5G, Figs. (5, 7, 9, and l0, spaced apart and arranged longitudinallyin line with each other and with the contact-springs when theplate 54 is turned over toward the music-sheet, each metallic spot being of such width as to touch both contact-springs at the same time during the passage of the music sheet, as shown in Fig. 6, thus closing the electric circuit, when the magnet 49 will attract its armature and lift the primary puppet-valve 43, the upper disk of which opens the port 47 to the chest 37, while its lower disk closes said port to the open air. rl`he compressed air in the chest 37 will then pass by the pipe 46 to the chamber 45 beneath the pneumatic 44, which is then raised, lifting the puppet-valve 43, which thus closes the port 39 to the open air and opens it to the chest 3G, allowing the compressed air to pass through the passage 40 into the chamber 4l, when the bellows 42 will be instantly closed up by the pressure of the air on its movable member 53. The music-sheet is provided with a longitudinal line or row of metallic spots or portions 56 for each electric circuit. Consequently the number of rows of spots or circuit-closers 5G will correspond to the number of stops which the instrument contains. As soon as the circuit is broken by a metallic spot or circuit-closer 5G being carried away from the contact-springs 52 5a by the movements of the music-sheet the magnet 49 will cease to attract its armature 24, when the puppet-valve 43 will drop, causing its upper disk to close the port 47 to the airchest 37 and its lower disk to open said port to the outer air, when the chamber 45 will be vented, causing the puppet-valve 43 to drop, thus closing the port 39 to the air-chest 36 and opening it to the outer air, when the chamber 4l will be vented through the passage 40 and port 39, leaving the bellows 42 free to be expanded by mechanism to be hereinafter described.

Each of the vertical rods GO, Figs. 3 and 5, which operate the stop valves 30, passes looselythrough a hole in a lever Gl, fulcrumed at 62 in a suit-able support, said rod GO being provided directly beneath said lever 6l with an adjustable button or nut G3, so that any downward movement of the lever Gl will Cause the rod 60 t0 be drawn down to open the stop-valve 30, connected therewith, while the rod GO is free to be drawn down by means of the ordinary pull-knob 35, connected therewith, to open the stop-valve without moving or disturbing the lever Gl. The free end of the lever Ul is provided with a headed pin 55, which passes up through a hole G4 into the pneumatic 42, against the under side of the movable member 53 of which it is held by a spring (55, bearing against the under side of said lever (il, whereby when the pneumatic 42 is collapsed by the closing of its electric circuit, as previously described, the lever Gl will be depressed, causing it to draw down the rod G0 and open the stop-valve 30, connected therewith. Each lever Gl when depressed against the resistance of its spring G5 is retained in position to hold its stop-valve open in the following manner: Directly above the levers 6l, between uprights (57, is pivoted a rocker-board G3, having' a longitudinal notch extending from end to end and forming a shoulder G9, above which the edge of the board is inclined upward and backward, as shown at 70, Fig. 5. Projecting at right angles from one end of this board is an arm 72, to the outer end of which is secured aspring 73, fastened at its lower end to the base-board 74, said spring tending to rock the board G3 over toward the left. To the upper side of each lever 6l near its fulcrum is rigidly scoured an upright arm 75, having its upperportion turned at a right angle and provided with IOO IIO

i therewith to be closed.

an inclined en'd 76 and an edge 77,`which when the lever 61 is depressed is adapted to catch under the shoulder 4G9 of the board 68 by reason of the latter being pressedagainst the arm 75 by the spring 73 acting on the arm 72. Consequently as each lever 61 is depressed by the means described to open its stop-valve the inclined end 7 6 of its arm 75 will act on the incline ofthe board 68, thus forcing it back until the arm snaps under the shoulder 69, when the lever 61 will be retained in its downward position to hold the stop-valve open as desired. This forcing back of the board 68 by one of thefarms 75 as its lever 61 is depressed will cause any other arm or arms 75 which may have been previously caught under' the shoulder 69 to be released, ywhen the corresponding springpressed lever or levers 61 will be raised to release the corresponding stop rod or rods 60 to cause the stoplvalve or valves connected If, however, such stop orstops are to be left on, the music-sheet will be provided at the required locations with circuit closers, which will cause the proper pneumatic or pneumatics 42 to remain closed, thus holding down the lever or levers 61 controlled thereby, which will preventthe release of the arm or arms 75 of such lever or levers while the rocker-board is being forced back in the operation of drawing on another stop.

It will thus be understood that whenever one of the metallic `spots or portions 56 on the music sheet is caused to close its electric circuit the stop-valve loe, longing to said circuit will be automatically opened and will remain yso until released by the means previously described, the, stops being thus automatically controlled by the music-sheet, which causes the desired stop or combination of stops to be drawn on and taken off at the proper times.

The metallic portions 56 may be applied to the surface of the music-sheet in any suitable or approved manner-for instance, 1by printing or stamping themon the paper with metallic paste or liquid, composed principally of metallic powder, such as bronze-powder, or, if desired, pieces of sheet metal may be secured to the music-sheet in any suitable manner.

The hinged plate 54 is thrown back into the positions shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6 to. permit of the removal of the music-sheet-or thrown over toward the edge of the musicsheet, as shown in full lines, to cause the contact-springs 52 53 to bear upon its surface by means of acrank-arm 80, secured to the hinged end of the plate 54:, said arm 8O being connected by a rod 8,1, Figs. 6 and 7, with a bell-crank lever 82, to which is'pivoteda rod 83, suitably connected with la pull-knob or stop 22, Fig. 3, at the front of the instrument, so that by pulling out or pushing in said knob the plate 54, can Vbe thrown back out of the way of the music-sheet or over into operativeposition parallelwith the surface of the'music-sheet, as may be desired.

Instead of providing the music-sheet with metallic spots or portions adapted to act as circuit-closers said sheet may be provided with supplemental perforations 85, in which case one of the terminal wires 50 of the electric circuit will be connected with a metallic plate or block 86,inserted in the tracker-board 33, as shown in Fig. 8, which represents a modification of the means for closing the circuit. 'The other wire 51 is connected With a light insulated spring 87, the end of which is arranged to bear with a light pressure on the outer surface of the music-sheet in the path of its supplemental perforations 85, so as to pass througheach one into contact with the plate 86 ofthe tracker-board, as shownin Fig. 8, thus closing the circuiteach time that a perforation in the music-sheet permits tthe spring 87 to contact with the plate. 86.

y vI will now describe the tempo-regulator or means by which the speed of the motorengine which operates the music-sheet is automatically regulated by the'music-sheet itself` to vary the time of the music.

90, Fig. 2, denotes an ordinary air motorengine, the shaft 91 Aof which is connected with a shaft 93 by means of a chain 92, running over-sprocket-wheels on said shafts, the

motion ofthe shaft 93. beingtransmitted by means of suitable connections to the ordinary mechanism for winding and rewinding the music-sheet. ,i

95 represents the valve-chest of the air motor-engine, which is supplied with air under pressure from the wind-box 27 by means of aV pipe 96, Figs. 2 and 11, the air passing, as

usual, through a port 97, commanded by a slide-valve 98, into a V pipe 99, and thence to the air motor-engine 90 to actuate the same. The valve-rod of the valve 98 is provided outside the valve-chest 95 with a rack-bar 101, with which meshes a gear 102, mounted on ashort vertical shaft 103, supported in IOO IIO

suitable bearings in a frame 104: and carry- Y ing a friction-wheel y105. l

106.106 are two levers loosely pivoted on the shaft 103 and normally retained in the position shown invFig. 11 by means of sp rings 107, fastened to said levers and to an arm 170, projecting from the frame 104, said arm 170 being provided at its lower end withprojec- Ations 171, which serve as-stops to limit the backward movement ofv the levers 106. Each of these levers 106 is provided with a rod 108, sliding in lugs 109 and carrying at its outer end a friction-shoe 110, which is adapted to be forced into contact with the periphery of the wheel 105 against the resistance of a light spring 112, encircling the rod 108 between said lugs 109 and acting on a pin 114, passing through said rod 108. To the outer end of the rod. 108 is pivoted one arm of a bellcrank 115, fulcrumed on a projection 116 onv The other arm of said bellthe lever 106.

trolled by the music-sheet, as will be herein-A after described. At the commencement of the closing up of the bellows 120 the i'orked end ot the rod 117, acting on the bell-crank 115, causes the shoe 110 to be brought into contact with the triction-wheel105, vthe spring 107, which is much stronger than the spring 112, holding the lever stationary until the shoe has been brought firmly against the periphery of the wheel 105, when the further l'orward movement of the rod 117, as the bellows is closed up, will produce through said friction device and the connections described a partial rotation of the wheel 105 and gear 102, 'he latter through the medium of thefrack-bar 101 and valve-rod 100 moving the valve 08, as required, the lefthand lever 10G and mechanism connected therewith serving to rotate the wheel 105 in the proper direction to open the valve 0S, while the right-hand lever 106 and mechanism connected therewith act to rotate the wheel 105 in the opposite direction to close said valve. Each impulse ot one of the levers 106 moves the valve 0S a short distance, so that a number ot successive impulses are required to fully open or fully close the valve, thus enabling the speed of the motor-engine to be gradually regulated with the greatest nicety. The amount of the movement of the bellows and the corresponding movement of the valve-rod and valve may be adjusted by means ot a regulating-screw 1li-3, Fig. 11, which acts as a stop t'or the movable inember of the bellows 120. lVithin the bellows 120 is a light spring 123, which bears on the rod 117 near its pivot, and tends to force it toward the bell-crank 115, as shown at thc left-hand side of Fig. 11, and thus keep itin Contact with a throw-oit button 12-t, secured to the end of a regulating-screw 172, passing through the projection 116. As the rod 117 is pushed forward by the closing up of the bellows 120 it is forced outward by the button 124 until the bell-crank 115 becomes disengaged t'rom its forked end, as shown in Fig. l2, which occurs an instant before the termination of the forward movement oi' the lever 10G, when the spring 112 will withdraw the shoe 110 from the lrietion-wheel105,leaving the latter tree to be again moved in the same direction or in the opposite direction by the lever 106 on its opposite side. On the return or backward movement of the rod 117 the :treo arm of the bell-crank 115, against which said rod is pressed by the spring 121.1,will fall into its place in the forked end ot said rod 117, which will then be ready to act on the bell-crank to bring the shoe 110 against the friction-wheel on its next forward movement.

The valve-rod 100 is connected with a crankarm 125 at the end of a rod 126, as shown in Figs. 2 and 13, said rod being bent at its opposite end, forming a crank-arm to which is connected a pull-knob 127, Fig. 2, whereby the motor-valve can be operated in the ordinary manner by hand when desired. To the crank-arm 125 is loosely pivoted a link 150, Figs. 2 and 13, connected with a crank 181 at the lower end ot' a vertical rod 152, at the upper end of which is another crank-arm 183, to which is pivoted a long` rod 184, provided with the usual pointell 128, traversing an indicating-scale 120, Fig.

Each chamber 119, containing one of the bellows-pneumatics 120, comm unicatcs through a passage 130, Fig. 18, with a port 131, normally open to the outer air at one end and alsoleading into a chest 132, which is supplied with compressed air from the wind-box 27 through the pipe 0o' and intermediate pipes 133 131, as shown in Fig. 11. rlhis port is normally closed to the chest 132 by the upper disk of a puppet-valve 135, the lower end ot the stem ot which rests on a diaphragmpneumatic 130, forming the top ot' a chamber 1137, communicating by means oi' a passage 13S and a port 130 with another compressedair chest 1&0, supplied Yfrom the wind-box 27 through a short pipe 111, Fig. 11, connected with the pipe 133. rlhe port is normally open to the outer air and normally closed to the compressed-air chamber 1-1-0 by the upper disk of a primary puppet-valve 112, the stem of which carries at its upper end a nietallic disk 1113, forming the armature ol' an electromagnet 1st-1. Each magnet lat is arranged in an independent electric circuit, the conducting-wires 186187 ot' which are respectively connected with two contactsprings 1415 116, insulated in and projecting from a hinged plate 141-7, located at the end of the tracker- )oard opposite to that to which the hinged plate 5i, connected with the stop-operating mechanism, is applied, and connected in a similar manner with a pull knob or stop 18S at the front of the instrun'ient, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2,) whereby said plate 1-17 may be thrown back to permit of the removal ot the music-sheet or thrown over toward the edge ot' the music-sheet to cause the contact-springs 14-5 1-16 to bear upon the surface ot the music-sheet, as shown at the righthaud end ot' Fig. b and in Fig. 1-1, said musicsheet being here provided along its right-hand edge with two rows of metallic spots or portions 151, arranged in longitudinal lines and acting as eircuit-elosers for the two electric circuits in exactly the same manner as the metallic spots 5G at the opposite edge ol' the music-sheet.

rlhe operation of the pneumatic mechanism IOO TIG

connected with the two bellows 120 120 and the manner in which it is controlled by the metallic spots 150 151 of the music-sheet being precisely similar to that of the pneumatic and electric mechanism by Which the stopvalves 8O are operated will not therefore be described, it Vbeing understood that the bellows-pneumatic 120, which opens the motor slide-valve 98, is controlled by one electric circuit and row of metallic spots on the musicsheet,and the bellows-pneu matic which closes said valve is controlled by the other electric circuit and row of metallic spots on said music-sheet, so that by a proper arrangement of these two rows1of spots 150 151.the motorvalve can be controlled with the greatest nicety to vary the speed of the motor-engine in order toproduce the precise musical effects desired at the proper moments, the amount of air admitted to the motor-engine and its consequent speed being at all times indicated on the scale 129 bythe pointer 128. p

Instead of operating the primary4 puppetvalve of the stop-valve pneumaticmechanism or the primary puppet-valve ot' the motorengine-valve pneumatic mechanism by means of electric mechanism controlled by the music-sheet, as above described, it may be operated by a pneumatic device, as shown in Fig. 15, which represents a modification of the means for operating the primary puppet'- valve. In this case the stem of the primary puppet-valve rests on a diaphragm-pneu matic 1GO, beneath which is a chamber 161, which communicates through a pipe 162 with a supplemental duct 163 in the trackerboard, adapted to register with supplemental perforations 164i, formed in the music-sheet, so that when one of said perforations 164 is brought over the said supplemental duct 163 the compressed air in the tight box o1' chamber 34, in which the said music-sheet is inclosed, will instantly enter the pipe 162 and raise the pneumatic 160, thus lifting the pri.- mary puppet-valve to produce the same result as is effected by theselectromagnets previously described.

W'hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an organ automatically operated by means cfa perforated music-sheet, the combination with the stop-valves and the leverand-rod mechanism for operating the same, of su pplementallevers for operating the stopvalve rods to open the stop-valves, pneumatic mechanisms for operating said supplemental levers,means for retaining each supplemental lever after being depressed to hold open the stop-valve connected therewith, and electrically-operated mechanisms controlled bythe music-sheet for controlling the operation of said pneumatic mechanisms.

2. In an automatically-operated organ, the

i combination with the stop-valves and the lever-and-rod mechanism for operating the same, of a series of supplemental springpressed levers provided with holes through which loosely pass the stop-valve rods, the latter having buttons or nuts on which said levers act to draw down said rods, independent pneumatic mechanism for actuating each lever to open the stop-valve connected therewith, means controlled bythe music-sheet for independently operating the pneumatic mechanism of each of said levers, and a retaining device consisting of a pivoted springpressed rocker-board having a longitudinal shoulder, and arms projecting from said levers and adapted to engage said shoulder, whereby, each lever after being depressed to vopen its stop-valve may be retained to hold said valve open, or when retained may be released to permit said valve to be closed.

3. In an automatically-operated organ, the combination with the stop-valves and the le- .ver-and-rod mechanism for operating the same, of a series of supplemental levers provided with holes through which loosely pass the stop-valve rods', the latter-having buttons or nuts on which said levers act to draw down said rods, independentpneumatic mechanism for actuating each lever to open the stop-valve connected therewith, an electric circuit for the pneumatic mechanism of each supplemen- `tal lever, said circuit containing a magnet for actuating the primary pu ppet-valve of said pneumatic mechanism, a music-sheet provided with longitudinal rows of metallic spots or portions acting as circuit-closers, whereby said pneumatic mechanism is brought into action, and aretaining device, whereby each supplemental lever, when depressedto open its stop-valve, may be retained in position to hold said stop-valve open, or when retained may be released to permit said stop-valve to be closed.

4:. In an automatically-operatedorgan, the combination with the motor for actuating the music-sheet and its inlet-valve, of pneumatic mechanism for moving said valve in a direction to open the same, pneumatic mechanism for moving said valve in the opposite direction to close the same, and means controlled by the music-sheet for independently controlling the operation of each of said pneumatic mechanisms.

5. In an automatically-operated organ, the combination with the motor for actuating the music-sheet and its inlet-valve, of pneumatic mechanism for moving said valve in a direction to open the same, pneumatic mechanism for moving said valve in the opposite direction to close the same, and electrically-operated mechanism controlled bythe music-sheet for independently controlling the operation of each of. said pneumatic mechanisms.

6. In an automatically-operated organ, the combination with the motor for actuating the music-sheet, and its inlet-valve, of pneumatic mechanism for moving said valve in a direction to open the same, pneumatic mechanism for moving said valve in the opposite direction to close the same, an electric circuit for each of said pneumatic mechanisms, said cir- IOC) IIO

acting as cireuit-closers, whereby said pneumatic mechanismsare independently brought into action to effect the opening` or closing of said motor-valve.

7. In an automatically-operated organ, the

'lo combination with the motor for actuating the m usic-sheet and its inlet-valve and valve-rod, of friction feed mechanism for intermittently moving.,r said valve-rod in opposite directions, whereby said valve may be grad uallyopened i5 or closed, mechanism connected with said valve-rod to indicate the amount of movement of said valve, pneumatic mechanism for actuating said valve -rod feed mechanism, and means automatically controlled by the musiczo sheet for controlling the operation ot' said pneumatic mechanism.

S. In an automatically-operated organ, the combination with the motor for actuating the m usic-sheet and its inlet-valve and valve-rod,

25 of a rack-bar secured to the valve-rod, a gear in mesh with said rack-bar, a friction-Wheel last on the shaft of said gear, a pair of levers fulcrumed ou the gear-shaft and arranged on opposite sides of the friction-Wheel, sliding' 3o slices mounted on said levers and adapted to be brought into contact with the friction- Wheel to intermittently rotate the same in opposite directions, rods for moving said lcvers and friction-shoes, means for Withdrawing the shoes from contact with the frictionwheel, pneumatic mechanisms for independently actuating said rods and friction-shoes to open or close the motor-valve, and means automatically controlled by the music-sheet for independently controlling the operation of each of said pneumatic mechanisms to vary the speed of the motor.

f). In an automatically-operated organ, tho combination with the motor, its, inlet-valve and valve-rod, the latter provided with a rackbar, the gear meshing with said rack-bar, and the friction-Wheel on the gear-shaft, of a lever fulcrumed on the gear-shaft, a frictionshoe secured to a sliding' spring-pressed rod mounted on said lever, a hell-crank pivoted to said sliding' rod, a forked rod embracing;` the end of thc lever, pneumatic mechanism for actuating' said :forked rod, and a throw-oil device mounted on said lever and adapted to disengage said bell-crank from said forked rod to relieve the friction-wheel olf the pressure of thc sliding' shoe, substantially as dcscribed.

".'Vitness my hand this Sist day of August', A. D. 190i.

JAMES \V.' CitOOKS.

In presence ol'- P. E. TEscnEMAcnnn, F. B. SPAULDING. 

